NEWBERRY – The Newberry Fire Department will soon breathe easier thanks to a major federal award aimed at improving firefighter safety and readiness. During the Oct. 13 City Commission meeting, Fire Chief Jason Lyman announced that the department has received a $139,699.28 Assistance to Firefighters Grant from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), requiring only a $6,984.97 local match from the City.

The funding will allow the department to replace aging Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) units—critical equipment that enables firefighters to breathe clean, independent air in smoke-filled or hazardous environments. Many of the department’s current air packs are more than a decade old, and according to Lyman, have begun to show signs of unreliable performance.

The grant will fund the purchase of new Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), including a complete update of the department’s SCBA inventory. These systems provide the life-sustaining air supply firefighters depend on while battling structure fires, vehicle fires, and hazardous materials incidents.

The City Commission unanimously approved acceptance of the FEMA grant and the required 5% local match. Commissioners also voted to authorize city officials to execute all necessary agreements and documentation related to the grant to ensure timely compliance with federal requirements and efficient implementation.

Chief Lyman praised the teamwork behind the successful application, emphasizing that the project was handled entirely in-house by city staff. The application was written by Grant and Finance Manager Jane Sullivan, with support from Firefighter Paramedics Louis Derousie and David Voigt. Lyman noted that all three employees “went above and beyond their normal duties” to complete the detailed grant proposal, which resulted in securing nearly $140,000 in critical funding for the department.

The Assistance to Firefighters Grant Program, administered by FEMA, supports fire departments and emergency medical service organizations nationwide by providing funding for training, equipment, and facility improvements that enhance public safety and firefighter health. For smaller departments like Newberry’s, these competitive grants often serve as a lifeline for maintaining modern, compliant equipment.

With this new grant, the City of Newberry is better positioned to continue its ongoing investment in emergency services and public safety infrastructure.

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ALACHUA – A fight between two students at Santa Fe High School during Tuesday’s lunch period ended in violence when one student stabbed another with a pocketknife, leaving the victim hospitalized and the suspect in custody, according to school and police officials.

The Alachua Police Department (APD) said officers and school resource officers responded at approximately 12:26 p.m. on Oct. 14, 2025, to reports of an altercation in the school courtyard. During the confrontation, 18-year-old Christopher David Teague allegedly pulled a five-inch pocketknife and stabbed another student three times in the back.

According to a police statement issued around 5 p.m., witnesses stepped in to separate the students, and school staff immediately escorted the injured student to the nurse’s office, where emergency medical crews responded. The victim was then transported to a nearby hospital under a trauma alert and was listed in critical but stable condition as of Tuesday afternoon.

Teague was taken into custody without incident by the school resource officer and relocated to a secure office on campus while additional officers arrived.

Police said that after Teague was read his Miranda rights, he reportedly admitted to retrieving the knife from his pocket and stabbing the other student.

He was later booked into the Alachua County Jail on three felony counts:

• Aggravated Battery (Person Uses a Deadly Weapon), a second-degree felony — §784.045(1)(a)2
• Possession of a Weapon on School Property, a third-degree felony — §790.115(2)(b)
• Disturbing the Peace / Interfering with School Administration Functions, a second-degree misdemeanor — §877.13(1)(a)

Out of an abundance of caution, Santa Fe High School was placed on a temporary lockdown immediately after the incident, which was lifted once the scene was secured and the suspect detained.

In a message to parents, Alachua County Public Schools spokesperson Jackie Johnson confirmed that the altercation occurred during lunch and resulted in one student stabbing another. She said the injured student was hospitalized and the suspect was arrested by Alachua police.

“The student will also be disciplined in keeping with state law and the district’s Code of Student Conduct, which requires a mandatory 10-day suspension and mandatory recommendation for expulsion,” Johnson said.

She added that a threat assessment and threat management process would begin immediately in coordination with law enforcement, describing it as standard operating procedure following such incidents.

Johnson also reminded families that weapons, including pocketknives, are strictly prohibited on campus, on school buses, and at any school-related activity.

While police have not released a motive, social media users have circulated unverified claims suggesting that Teague was the target of bullying by the other student and that prior altercations led up to the stabbing. Authorities have not confirmed those reports.

APD said no additional information will be released “to protect the victim’s privacy,” but emphasized that “the safety and security of our students and staff remain the highest priority.”

Law enforcement and school officials said the investigation remains active. A threat assessment team, including law enforcement, school administrators, and mental health professionals, will determine whether further safety measures or disciplinary actions are warranted.

Anyone with information about the incident is encouraged to contact APD.

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GAINESVILLE – Alachua County Public Schools will spotlight its full range of academic and career-technical magnet programs later this month, inviting families to explore the specialized educational opportunities available to students across the district.

The annual Magnet Showcase will be held Saturday, Oct. 25,2025, from 10 a.m. to 1 p.m. at the Alachua County Sports and Event Center, 4870 Celebration Pointe Avenue in Gainesville. The free event is open to all families of school-aged children.

Representatives from the district’s elementary, middle, and high school magnet programs will be on hand to share information about curriculum options, program benefits, and application deadlines. Students and staff from each program will also be available to answer questions and describe what makes their learning experiences unique.

“This district offers students of all ages so many pathways to achieving their educational and career goals,” said Shannon Ritter, director of Alachua County Public Schools’ career tech programs. “Families attending the Showcase are always amazed at the wide variety of options available through Alachua County Public Schools.”

The district’s magnet programs include both academic and career-focused tracks, providing opportunities in fields such as engineering, health sciences, technology, performing arts, and more. Open houses for individual programs will begin Tuesday, Oct. 14, and continue through Nov. 13, allowing families to visit campuses, meet teachers, and experience the programs firsthand. Many schools will also offer shadowing opportunities for prospective students.

Families can find details about open house dates, program descriptions, and application procedures at www.alachuaschools.net/magnets.

The application window for the 2026–27 school year runs from Dec. 2 through Jan. 12. All students — including those not currently enrolled in Alachua County Public Schools —  are eligible to apply, regardless of where they live or which school they are zoned to attend. Transportation is available for students who live more than two miles from their assigned magnet site.

The Magnet Showcase continues to be one of the district’s most popular annual events, giving families an inside look at how Alachua County schools are preparing students for future success through innovative and specialized learning opportunities.

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NEWBERRY ‒ The Newberry City Commission met Monday, Oct. 13, 2025, addressing a full agenda that included several topics of interest to local residents. While the two key items from the meeting are featured in separate articles in this week’s Alachua County Today, several additional remarks and announcements were made that may be of particular interest to Newberry citizens.

Among the updates shared during the meeting:

• Visitor numbers rising: City Manager Jordan Marlowe reported that more than 401,000 out-of-county visitors have come to Newberry within the past 12 months, reflecting the city’s continued growth as a regional destination for sports, tourism and community events.
• City Hall opening schedule: Mayor Tim Marden announced that the City will host a Pre-Open House for the new City Hall building on Saturday, Nov. 15, from 10 a.m. to noon. The informal event will allow citizens and interested parties to tour the interior of the facility, with guided tours conducted by both the mayor and city manager. City officials anticipate a move-in date around the third week of November.
• Ribbon-cutting ceremony: A formal ribbon-cutting for the new City Hall is planned for Monday, Nov. 24, at 5 p.m. While some minor finishing work may still be underway, the ceremony will proceed as scheduled to celebrate the completion of the long-anticipated civic project.
• Fall festivities on Main Street: Newberry Main Street Organization President Chris Mack announced that the annual Scarecrow Road event will take place on Friday, Oct. 25, along Newberry Road. Festivities will include a jack-o’-lantern carving contest, a costume competition, and scarecrow judging with cash prizes of $100 for first place, $50 for second, and $25 for third. Businesses will line the street to greet trick-or-treaters and distribute candy beginning around 4 p.m., with the full event scheduled from 3 to 6 p.m.
• Holiday meeting schedule: Commissioners also noted that the regular Dec. 22 City Commission meeting may be postponed due to the Christmas holiday, unless urgent matters arise that require immediate discussion.

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CEDAR KEY – After a year’s pause due to hurricane impacts, the UF/IFAS Nature Coast Biological Station (NCBS) will once again open its doors to the public for its annual Open House on Saturday, Oct. 18, 2025, offering a hands-on look at the science, conservation, and community partnerships that define Florida’s Gulf Coast.

Hosted by the University of Florida’s Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS), the event will take place from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. at NCBS, 552 First Street in Cedar Key. Admission is free, and families, students, and visitors of all ages are welcome.

The Open House marks a celebrated return after last year’s cancellation caused by hurricane-related disruptions. This year’s event will highlight the ongoing research and outreach that take place year-round at the station — work that helps protect and restore coastal ecosystems across Florida’s Nature Coast.

Visitors will have opportunities to meet scientists and graduate researchers, explore interactive exhibits, and participate in a variety of educational and family-friendly activities. Touch tanks featuring live aquatic animals, scavenger hunts, and games designed to engage young learners will make marine science accessible and fun for all ages.

“The NCBS open house is a chance for us to interact with the public and our neighbors in Cedar Key, and show our year-round work to improve and protect our natural resources,” said NCBS Director Mike Allen.

Alongside NCBS exhibits, guest booths will feature representatives from several UF departments, the UF Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience, the Florida State University Marine Lab, and multiple state agencies involved in environmental stewardship and marine research. Each will share insights into the state’s efforts to balance coastal protection with sustainable use of marine resources.

Located in the heart of historic Cedar Key, the Nature Coast Biological Station serves as a hub for research, education, and outreach focused on the Gulf Coast’s unique ecosystems — from oyster reefs and seagrass beds to fisheries and wildlife habitats. The open house is designed not only to showcase scientific advances but also to strengthen ties between the research community and local residents who depend on coastal environments for their livelihoods and recreation.

With its mix of science, education, and community spirit, this year’s open house offers a family-friendly way to reconnect with Florida’s natural coast and the people working to preserve it.

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BROOKSVILLE – A team from Cross City Correctional Institution has earned statewide recognition after capturing first place at the 2025 Florida Department of Corrections (FDC) Statewide K9 Tracking and Training Event, an elite annual competition and professional development program for the agency’s top-performing K9 tracking units.

The event, held in Brooksville, brought together the eight best-performing teams from FDC regional contests across Florida. Designed to enhance readiness, teamwork, and technical precision, the training combines timed field challenges with advanced skill demonstrations that reflect real-world law enforcement scenarios.

“Our K9 tracking teams are an integral part of public safety in Florida and we are greatly appreciative of the support we receive from Governor DeSantis and the incredible sheriffs we partner with to serve the local communities where our teams live and work,” said Florida Department of Corrections Secretary Ricky D. Dixon. “These events are a testament to our dedication to continuous improvement. During every activation our K9 teams respond to, there are lives on the line that depend on us to be at our best.”

FDC Special Teams Coordinator Jonathan “Danny” Rummel said the competition represents not only excellence in performance but also a shared commitment to public safety and professional growth.

“This event brings together the top eight teams from regional competitions across the state, culminating in a showcase of the state's absolute best,” Rummel said. “Each year, these teams compete to see who has trained the hardest and perfected their skills. It's not just about winning; it's about public safety and ensuring that our facilities and communities remain secure. This event highlights the dedication and hard work of our teams, and we are incredibly proud of their accomplishments.”

Cross City’s Excellence Recognized

The Cross City Correctional Institution team, based in Dixie County, achieved top honors in the 2025 statewide event, marking another milestone for the facility’s K9 program. Their victory highlights both the handlers’ professionalism and the K9s’ exceptional capabilities in real-world operations.

FDC’s K9 tracking teams are primarily tasked with pursuing escaped inmates, though such cases have become increasingly rare thanks to improved technology and modern security measures. Today, these teams often serve a broader role in Florida’s law enforcement network — assisting sheriff’s offices and police departments in tracking dangerous fugitives, recovering evidence, and locating missing children or vulnerable adults.

The Cross City team’s performance in Brooksville reflected the results of rigorous preparation and field experience. During the competition, teams faced a combination of day and night tracking courses that simulated complex search operations through rough terrain and variable conditions. Events tested endurance, scent detection, and decision-making under pressure, with additional stations evaluating firearms proficiency and handler conditioning.

Commitment to Continuous Training

The annual FDC K9 event underscores the department’s emphasis on training and interagency collaboration. Teams from across the state benefit from shared best practices and scenario-based exercises that ensure readiness for emergencies.

“This event is about ensuring every team is at its best when called upon,” Dixon said. “Lives depend on it, and our teams take that responsibility seriously.”

In addition to Cross City’s first-place finish, the 2025 competition recognized:

• Second place: Mayo Correctional Institution (Mayo)
• Third place: DeSoto Correctional Institution (Arcadia)
• First place shooting team: Okeechobee Correctional Institution (Indiantown)

For the Cross City Correctional Institution, the recognition reinforces the skill, dedication, and teamwork of its K9 handlers — qualities that extend beyond the competition field and into their service to the public.

“These K9 units are a vital part of FDC’s mission,” Dixon said. “Their commitment to excellence and community safety is something every Floridian can be proud of.”

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Oct. 19, 2025 — “On behalf of the Board of Trustees and the University, we express our full support for Athletic Director Scott Stricklin and his decision to make a change in the leadership of our football program.

Today’s news underscores our collective, continuing, and uncompromising commitment to a Gators football program that inspires pride across the University community and competes annually for national championships.

We will continue to provide the athletic department with every resource necessary to deliver on that promise.”

~ The following is a press release provided by the University of Florida. It has been published here as received, without additional reporting or editing by Alachua County Today staff. ~

Statement from Athletic Director Scott Stricklin:

Today I met with Coach Napier and informed him that a change in leadership of our football program would best serve the interests of the University of Florida.

On behalf of Gator Nation, I want to sincerely thank Billy and his family for their tireless commitment to the Florida Gators. Billy built a tremendous culture of accountability and growth among the young men he led each day. His organized and detailed approach had a meaningful impact across all levels of our program.

As Coach Napier has often said, this is a results-driven business, and while his influence was positive, it ultimately did not translate into the level of success we expect on the field.

I have named Billy Gonzales as the interim head coach. Coach Gonzales has been a valued member of our program for many years, including being a part of multiple championship teams. He is a Gator through and through. His deep understanding of our culture, our student-athletes, and what it means to represent the University of Florida makes him well-suited to lead our team.

Making this decision during the open date provides our team valuable time to regroup, refocus, and prepare for the challenges ahead. The timing also allows us to conduct a thoughtful, thorough, and well-informed search for our next head coach. We remain fully committed to utilizing every resource available to identify the right leader to guide Gators Football into the future.

I will conduct the search with a high degree of confidentiality to protect the privacy of those involved. The search will focus on the hiring of an elite football coach who will embody the standard we have at the University of Florida, and we will continue to provide all of the necessary resources for that coach, his staff and the players to be successful.

Any time you conduct a head coaching search, especially for a high-profile sport like football or men's basketball, you learn something. The lessons from past experiences will guide us through the work ahead.

Across the University of Florida, there is an unwavering and uncompromising commitment to being the best in everything we do. This includes our athletic department, as evidenced by the fact UF is the only school in the country to win three national championships in both football and men's basketball.

The standards and expectations for Gators football are to win championships-not simply to compete. We exist to win, and will not settle for less.  UF has never been more invested in the success of this football program - elite facilities, robust NIL opportunities and comprehensive support for our student athletes and staff - than we are today.

The University of Florida is a destination - a place where people come to achieve excellence.  With our resources, passionate fan base, and unwavering commitment, we are determined to return Gators football to championship form.  I understand and accept the responsibility to deliver a football program that reflects the greatness of this university and I thank Gator Nation for their continued support as we begin this next chapter together.

Scott Burns
Director of Football Communications
University of Florida Athletic Association
C: (812) 322-5285
FloridaGators.com<http://www.floridagators.com/>

GAINESVILLE, Fla. – The Florida prosecutor’s office in Tampa is defending its controversial and unexpected decision to drop a felony criminal case against the man accused of tying his bull terrier dog to a fence in rising waters and abandoning it along Interstate 75 amid an evacuation ahead of a major hurricane.

The Hillsborough State Attorney’s Office, led by Suzy Lopez, said it lacked witnesses and sufficient evidence to win a conviction on a felony aggravated animal cruelty charge in a trial. The case involved “Trooper,” the dog renamed after the Florida Highway Patrol officer who rescued him.

“While this case stirs many emotions and even ethical questions, we do not have a good-faith basis to continue this prosecution,” the state attorney’s office said. 

The prosecutor’s office filed paperwork Wednesday to drop its case against Giovanny Aldama Garcia, 24, of Ruskin, Florida. Aldama Garcia had told an investigator he had been trying for months to get rid of the dog, which he had named Jumbo, and left the dog on the side of I-75 as he and his mother evacuated Florida’s west coast ahead of Hurricane Milton, court records said. 

The case made national news. Gov. Ron DeSantis called the dog’s treatment “unacceptable” and said the state would hold the dog’s owner accountable. Lopez, the state prosecutor, chimed in, too, and said she couldn’t fathom tying a pet to a fence in such conditions.

In a new one-page memorandum circulated Friday, Lopez’s office said that during trial preparations it became clear there weren’t witnesses or evidence to prove that Aldama Garcia had tied the dog to the fence in rising waters.

The memo said video from the highway patrol showed the dog’s collar was stuck on the fence, and a witness earlier had seen the dog loose near the interstate. It said Aldama Garcia and his mother said the dog was becoming stressed and aggressive during their drive and the dog jumped from the car when they stopped to deal with the situation.

“The facts as depicted in the video and the statements do not support the theory that the dog was attached to the fence in an intentional manner,” the memo said. It added: “A failure to locate the dog during an emergency evacuation does not equate to a criminal failure to act.” 

A legal expert on animal cruelty laws and co-creator of Florida’s Animal Cruelty Taskforce, Adam Stern, said prosecutors would have needed to prove that Aldama Garcia caused the dog either death or injury – which include physical trauma or neglect.

He said in some cases, aggravated animal cruelty charges can be hard to prove without tangible, physical evidence. No case is ever as straightforward as it seems, he said. 

“There's always going to be a monkey wrench that something comes up, that there's a new piece of evidence or there is a small piece that's missing,” he said. “In some cases, there's evidence to exonerate somebody because they didn't do it and it was somebody else, or it was an accident.”

Stern has been involved as a legal expert in thousands of animal cruelty cases, including ones where animals have been tethered to dog houses with rising flood waters then drowned.

By law, that would be aggravated animal cruelty, he said. The case in Tampa was different, according to the new prosecutor’s memo, which said there was no evidence that Trooper was deliberately tied to a fence.

The highway patrol video of the dog’s rescue went viral. The officer wrote in his arrest warrant that he was responding to a 911 call that a dog had been abandoned and tied to a post. The dog can be seen in water levels up to his chest, trembling and shaking. Investigators later interviewed Aldama Garcia after he showed up at an animal shelter to recover the dog.

“The defendant stated he observed the dog in standing water in heavy rain during a hurricane evacuation and left him behind,” the trooper wrote in the arrest report.

A press release from the prosecutor’s office in October 2024 announcing the criminal case against Aldama Garcia also had described the dog as “tied up.” 

Fresh Take Florida, a news service of the University of Florida College of Journalism and Communications, asked Friday under Florida’s public records law for a copy of the trooper’s body cam video and any recorded interview between investigators and Aldama Garcia. The prosecutor’s office said it would cost $686 to review and turn over.

Trooper’s new owner, Frank Spina of Parkland in South Florida, said Lopez called him to personally deliver the news of the dropped case earlier this week. He said she cited a language barrier between Aldama Garcia and investigating officers along with a lack of evidence as reasoning.

He was fuming. 

Spina said that just two months ago, the state attorney’s office considered this their most important case, only to drop it at a whim. 

“You’re going to have a tough time when you've got to talk to Ron [DeSantis] and Casey [DeSantis] and say you're ditching this case,” he said in an interview Thursday night. 

“In my opinion, this was a high-profile case that everybody was watching,” he said. “They were afraid to lose it on TV.”

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The event marks the latest milestone in the university’s artificial intelligence initiative, which began in 2020 and serves as a national model for harnessing AI to build America’s future workforce and boost the country’s national competitiveness. 

Elias G. Eldayrie, senior vice president and chief information officer, welcomed more than 125 guests to the ceremony, including representatives from UF’s Board of Trustees and cabinet, NVIDIA and U.S. Representative Kat Cammack. 

Student groups showcased how they use AI at the university, providing a living demonstration of the system’s power. Attendees saw AI in action, from the Swamp Launch Rocket Team’s aircrafts to the Gator Motor Sports vehicle to the award-winning UF Steel Bridge and the research of iGEM, the world’s premier synthetic biology competition. 

“As Florida’s flagship university, UF has embraced a bold and audacious vision: to be the nation’s AI university. Our commitment to AI is not just promoting economic growth across the state and giving our students the tools they need to be America’s next generation of leaders,” said UF Board of Trustees Chair Mori Hosseini. “It’s also protecting lives, preserving resources, feeding the world, improving health outcomes, and making Florida stronger, safer and better prepared for tomorrow.”

HiPerGator representatives gave tours of the updated machine, including a replacement of the NVIDIA DGX A100 “Ampere” SuperPOD from 2020 with a DGX B200 “Blackwell” SuperPOD, which measures 30 times faster than the previous HiPerGator generation. 

The $33 million purchase is a highly anticipated step in a long-standing engagement between NVIDIA and UF that has resulted in a comprehensive push to integrate AI education and research across every academic discipline at UF. 

A team of about a dozen experts installed the 63 NVIDIA DGX B200 nodes, with each 8 NVIDIA Blackwell graphics processing units (GPUs), for a total of 504 GPUs.

HiPerGator recently ranked No. 3 in the world for speed (how quickly it responds to an AI question) and No. 4 for efficiency (how many AI questions it can handle at once), according to the standard MLCommons benchmark. 

“Every part of this university is a playground for AI,” said UF Interim President Donald W. Landry. “This land-grant institution has succeeded in what we want to see across the state… The combination of vision, partnership and dedication leads us to this moment.”

UF’s extraordinary computing infrastructure has played a key role in the university’s reputation, faculty recruitment and retention, and fast-rising research prowess. This upgrade of UF’s supercomputer continues the evolution from HiPerGator 1.0 (2013-2021) to HiPerGator 2.0 (2015) to HiPerGator 3.0 and HiPerGator AI (2021), each version faster and more powerful than the last.

More than 60% of UF’s $1.33 billion annual budget for research goes toward projects that rely on HiPerGator.

With more than 100 new AI faculty and 230 AI and data science courses, HiPerGator’s exceptional computational capabilities support a wide range of teaching and research advances in areas from engineering and medicine to history and astronomy. In the past year, the system supported nearly 7,000 users from across the Southeast. One service enabled by HiPerGator is NaviGator AI, which offers UF faculty, students and staff access to more than 40 large language models to experiment with generative AI. 

“What this group of folks and leadership has done represents a model that is going to transform the nation,” UF alumnus and NVIDIA cofounder Chris Malachowsky, a key partner and donor in UF’s sweeping initiative to lead the country in creating the next AI workforce. 

“This is a testament to the machine to be exploited and taken advantage of,” Malachowsky added. “Take it and run. It’s bold and powerful and impactful.”

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~ The following is a press release provided by the University of Florida. It has been published here as received, without additional reporting or editing by Alachua County Today staff. ~

GAINESVILLE, Fla. — UF Health Cancer Center researchers have found a surprising culprit behind common health problems like obesity, diabetes and fatty liver disease: silent genetic glitches in the blood system that occur naturally as people age.

The findings, published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, mean that in the future, simple blood tests could be developed to identify people most at risk early on, helping prevent chronic illnesses and cancer through strategies like diet or lifestyle changes.

“Most people don’t think about the blood as causing obesity and related diseases, but our surprising findings highlight that there’s a causal relationship between mutations in blood stem cells and metabolic diseases,” said lead author Bowen Yan, Ph.D., a research assistant professor in the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics in the UF College of Medicine.

As people age, stem cells in the bone marrow that produce blood cells gradually accumulate mutations in their DNA. Most mutations don’t cause any issues, but sometimes blood stem cells with a mutation can start crowding out their peers. Called clonal hematopoiesis, this condition affects about 10% of older people and is associated with an increased risk of blood cancers like leukemia.

Clonal hematopoiesis is linked to a higher risk of obesity and diabetes, studies using large databases of patient records like the UK Biobank and the National Institutes of Health’s All of US Research Program have shown. But the prevailing thinking was that obesity and related conditions promoted blood cell changes, not the other way around. The new study reverses that.

“We found that blood cell mutations don’t just show up because of poor health — they can cause it,” Yan said.

As part of their study, the researchers put a genetic mutation commonly involved in clonal hematopoiesis into the blood system of otherwise healthy mice. Mice with the mutation started to eat more and gained weight more rapidly than those without the mutation. They developed high blood sugar and were more prone to liver problems.

The effects were even stronger when mice were fed a high-fat, high-sugar “Western” diet — nutritionally similar to a Big Mac, French fries and milkshake diet: Their weight exploded.

“Mutations in the blood system are driving these conditions,” said senior author Olga Guryanova, Ph.D., an associate professor in the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics. “Clonal hematopoiesis is usually a silent condition, but if you know you have it, you’re better aware of the risks it’s associated with. Our hope is that knowing these risk factors would allow us to manage chronic conditions more efficiently, either with drugs or personalized lifestyle and diet interventions.”

The implications could be far-reaching, particularly as obesity has now overtaken smoking as the most significant and preventable risk factor for cancer.

“With the ability to predict the risk of obesity and metabolic disease and better manage it, we could also eventually mitigate the risk of developing cancer,” Guryanova said.

The team is studying how the mutations drive disease. Next, they plan to test how drugs like those commonly used to treat diabetes and new popular weight loss drugs might help reverse or prevent diseases caused by blood cell changes.

Researchers from Queen’s University in Canada contributed. The study received funding from the National Institutes of Health, American Cancer Society, Edward P. Evans Foundation, Oxnard Family Foundation, Ocala Royal Dames for Cancer Research and UF Health Cancer Center, where both Yan and Guryanova are members.

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~ The following is a press release provided by Florida Farm Bureau. It has been published here as received, without additional reporting or editing by Alachua County Today staff. ~

Gainesville, Fla.—Florida Farm Bureau has announced the top three finalists for its 2026 Florida Farmer of the Year award.  This award recognizes outstanding agriculturists who demonstrate excellence in agriculture, leadership, innovation and stewardship of the land.  

Florida Farm Bureau, the state’s largest general agricultural organization, represents more than 132,000 member-families. We serve to enhance farm enterprise and improve rural communities.

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Sept 15 – Oct. 15 is the nationwide celebration of Hispanic Heritage Month. This year’s theme is “Collective Heritage: Honoring the Past, Inspiring the Future,” reminding us that our nation’s strength comes from the diverse people who call it home and the shared commitment to build a better future together.

From the arts and education to business and public service, Hispanic Floridians continue to enrich every aspect of life in our state. Their leadership, creativity, and dedication exemplify the power of community and the enduring belief that opportunity should be within reach for all.

The Florida Commission on Human Relations’ (FCHR) mission is to promote equal opportunity and prevent discrimination by investigating allegations of discrimination in housing, public accommodations, employment, and state whistleblower retaliation as well as educating Floridians about their rights and opportunities. Through our diligent work, we continue to build a Florida where everyone is treated with dignity and respect. For more information or to file a complaint, contact the Florida Commission on Human Relations at (850) 488-7082 or visit www.FCHR.MyFlorida.com.

This month, and throughout the year, we honor the past while inspiring the future, by recognizing the collective heritage that connects us, celebrating the diversity that strengthens us, and reaffirming our commitment to fairness for every Floridian.

Cheyanne Costilla, Executive Director

Florida Commission on Human Relations

The history of vitamin K is a story of a single discovery that later expanded to include a family of related compounds, each with distinct roles in the body. The journey from initial observation to a detailed understanding of vitamin K1 and K2 spans several decades and involves multiple scientists.

The Initial Discovery of Vitamin K

The story begins in the late 1920s with Danish biochemist Henrik Dam.

• 1929: Dam was conducting experiments on chickens, feeding them a diet that was deficient in cholesterol and fat. After a few weeks, he noticed that the chickens developed a mysterious bleeding disorder, where their blood was slow to clot.
• 1935: Dam concluded that a new, fat-soluble vitamin was missing from the chickens' diet. He named this substance “Koagulations-Vitamin,” which is German and Danish for “coagulation vitamin.” This is where the letter “K” comes from.
• 1939: American biochemist Edward Doisy and his team at St. Louis University isolated and determined the chemical structure of the primary plant-based form of the vitamin, which they named phylloquinone. This substance would later be officially named Vitamin K1.

For their work on the discovery and chemical nature of vitamin K, Dam and Doisy were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1943.

Vitamin K1 (Phylloquinone)

• Source: From the very beginning, it was clear that the "anti-hemorrhagic" factor came from plant sources, particularly green, leafy vegetables like spinach and kale.
• Function: Early research, and the Nobel Prize, focused on its essential role in blood coagulation. Vitamin K1 acts as a crucial cofactor for an enzyme that "activates" several clotting factors in the liver, including prothrombin (Factor II), Factor VII, Factor IX, and Factor X. Without this activation, these proteins cannot function properly, leading to uncontrolled bleeding.
• Modern Understanding: Vitamin K1's role in blood clotting remains its most well-known and clinically important function. It is used medically to treat bleeding disorders, and is routinely given to newborns to prevent a condition called Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding (VKDB).

Vitamin K2 (Menaquinones)

The story of vitamin K2 is more recent and has led to a re-evaluation of the entire vitamin K family.

• Discovery of a Second Form: Soon after the discovery of vitamin K1, scientists realized that there was another form of vitamin K. This second form, found in animal products and produced by bacteria, was chemically different. It was named menaquinone and collectively referred to as Vitamin K2. Unlike K1, which has a single chemical structure, K2 is a family of related compounds, designated as MK-4, MK-7, MK-9, etc., based on the length of their side chain.
• Japanese Fermented Foods: A major breakthrough in the understanding of K2 came from research into the traditional Japanese food natto, a dish of fermented soybeans. Scientists discovered that natto was an incredibly rich source of a long-chain menaquinone, specifically MK-7. This led to a boom in research on K2's health benefits.
• Beyond Blood Clotting: While K1 is primarily used by the liver for blood coagulation, researchers found that K2 has a different fate in the body. It is preferentially used by other tissues, especially bone and arterial tissues.
• The “Calcium Paradox”: A key aspect of modern K2 research is its role in “calcium trafficking.” Scientists have discovered that K2 activates proteins like osteocalcin in bones, which helps bind calcium and integrate it into the bone matrix. At the same time, K2 activates Matrix Gla Protein (MGP), a protein that prevents calcium from building up in soft tissues like arteries. This led to the theory that K2 may play a significant role in both bone health (preventing osteoporosis) and cardiovascular health (preventing arterial calcification).

Summary of Key Differences and Modern Research

The history of vitamin K is a testament to how scientific understanding evolves. What began as a single discovery of a “coagulation vitamin” has expanded to encompass a complex family of nutrients with far-reaching effects on human health.

Prosper and be in health.

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William Garst is a consultant pharmacist who lives in Alachua, Florida. He is semi-retired and works part time at Lake Butler Hospital in Lake Butler, Florida. William received his pharmacy degree at Auburn University and a Doctor of Pharmacy from Colorado University. The Pharmacy Newsletter is a blog where you can find other informative columns. He may be contacted at garstcph@gmail.com.

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~ The First Recorded Clinical Trial in 1747 ~

The history of Vitamin C is closely linked to the understanding and eventual conquest of scurvy, a debilitating and often fatal disease that plagued sailors on long voyages for centuries.

Early Observations

As early as the 15th century, it was noted that certain foods, particularly citrus fruits, had a curative effect on scurvy. Vasco da Gama's voyages, for instance, observed this link.

In 1747, James Lind, a British naval surgeon, conducted a controlled experiment demonstrating that citrus fruits effectively prevented scurvy. He compared various treatments among sailors with scurvy and found that only those receiving oranges and lemons recovered. This is perhaps, the first recorded clinical trial.

Despite Lind's groundbreaking work, it took several decades for the British Navy to mandate citrus fruit or juice as a regular provision for sailors, earning them the nickname “limeys.”

The Dawn of Vitamin Research:

In 1912, Casimir Funk introduced the concept of “vitamins” as essential dietary components. The anti-scorbutic factor was soon recognized as a water-soluble substance, initially called “water-soluble C.”

Isolation and Identification:

In 1928, Hungarian scientist Albert Szent-Györgyi isolated a substance from animal adrenal glands, naming it “hexuronic acid.” He suspected it might be the anti-scorbutic factor.

Around the same time, in 1932, American biochemist Charles Glen King also isolated vitamin C in his laboratory and concluded it was the same as Szent-Györgyi's hexuronic acid. There was some dispute over who made the definitive connection first, possibly due to communication delays.

Working independently, Szent-Györgyi and his colleague Joseph Svirbely conducted experiments on guinea pigs (which, like humans, cannot synthesize vitamin C) and proved that hexuronic acid was indeed the anti-scorbutic factor. They renamed it “ascorbic acid,” meaning “anti-scurvy.”

Structural Determination and Synthesis:

In 1933, British chemist Norman Haworth determined the chemical structure of vitamin C. Haworth and Szent-Györgyi jointly proposed the name “ascorbic acid”

Both Szent-Györgyi and Haworth were awarded Nobel Prizes in 1937 for their work on vitamin C. Szent-Györgyi received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discoveries concerning biological combustion, with specific reference to vitamin C, and Haworth received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on the constitution of carbohydrates and vitamin C.

Further Discoveries and Applications:

Szent-Györgyi continued his research, famously identifying paprika as an exceptionally rich and easily accessible source of vitamin C, allowing for its production in larger quantities.

Since its discovery, vitamin C has been extensively studied for its various roles in human health, including its function as an antioxidant, its involvement in collagen synthesis, immune function, and iron absorption.

Today, vitamin C is recognized as an essential nutrient, and its deficiency is known to cause scurvy, characterized by symptoms like weakness, bleeding gums, and poor wound healing.

Research continues to explore the potential benefits of vitamin C in preventing and treating various diseases.

The history of vitamin C is a compelling story of scientific investigation driven by the need to combat a devastating disease. From empirical observations to isolation, structural determination, and synthesis, the journey to understanding and utilizing this essential nutrient has significantly impacted human health

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William Garst is a consultant pharmacist who lives in Alachua, Florida. He is semi-retired and works part time at Lake Butler Hospital in Lake Butler, Florida. William received his pharmacy degree at Auburn University and a Doctor of Pharmacy from Colorado University. The Pharmacy Newsletter is a blog where you can find other informative columns. He may be contacted at garstcph@gmail.com.

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As a concerned citizen of Florida, I am writing to express my deep alarm over the recent decision to eliminate all vaccine mandates in our state. Vaccines have long been one of the most effective and life-saving public health tools we have. Rolling back these protections threatens to reverse decades of progress against diseases like measles, mumps, and polio — illnesses that vaccines had nearly eliminated.

This decision will not affect all Floridians equally. Black and Brown communities, already facing disproportionate rates of chronic illness, limited access to care, and systemic health inequities, will bear the heaviest burden. Without the safeguard of mandates, these communities are at greater risk of disease outbreaks and preventable deaths.

I am also concerned about the issue of trust. Our nation’s history of medical neglect and mistreatment of Black and Brown populations has left a deep scar of mistrust in the healthcare system. Abrupt policy changes such as this risk eroding fragile progress in building confidence and could reinforce skepticism toward public health guidance.

Beyond the health risks, there are serious financial and economic consequences. Preventable outbreaks lead to increased healthcare costs, hospitalizations, and strain on already overburdened medical systems. Families who cannot afford time off work or unexpected medical bills will be disproportionately harmed. Local businesses and schools may also face disruptions if vaccine-preventable diseases reemerge, causing lost productivity and economic instability. In short, what may appear to be a rollback of regulation could instead create higher costs for families, communities, and the state as a whole.

While individuals should have the right to make informed decisions — including the ability to opt out under certain circumstances — public health policy must balance personal choice with the protection of children, immunocompromised individuals, and entire communities. Without mandates or robust equity-driven alternatives, our most vulnerable neighbors will be left unprotected.

Faith and cultural values are also central to many families’ health decisions. Public health efforts should engage and respect these perspectives. But removing mandates outright, without strong outreach, education, and access initiatives, will send us backward — leaving communities exposed to diseases that science has already taught us how to prevent.

I urge you to reconsider this decision. If mandates are to be removed, Florida must implement strong, equity-focused measures to ensure that every Floridian — regardless of race, income, or faith — is protected. Public health policy must be guided not only by science and fairness but also by a recognition of the enormous economic and financial strain that preventable outbreaks place on families and our state.

Roberta C. Lopez

Archer, Florida

The history of the B vitamins is a fascinating journey that spans several decades and involves the work of numerous scientists. Initially thought to be a single nutrient, it was later discovered to be a complex group of essential water-soluble vitamins with distinct functions. Here's a brief overview of their discovery:

The Beriberi Connection

The story begins in the late 19^th Century with the investigation of beriberi, a debilitating disease prevalent in regions where polished white rice was a dietary staple.

• 1889: Dutch physician Christiaan Eijkman, working in the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia), observed that chickens fed polished white rice developed beriberi-like symptoms, which were reversed when they were fed unpolished brown rice. This suggested a nutritional deficiency.
• 1906: English biochemist Frederick Gowland Hopkins proposed the existence of "accessory food factors" beyond fats, proteins, and carbohydrates that were essential for growth and health.

The “Vitamine” Concept

• 1911: Polish biochemist Casimir Funk, working in London, isolated a substance from rice polishings that could cure beriberi in pigeons. He proposed that this and other similar substances were vital amines, coining the term “vitamine.” Although not all vitamins are amines, the name stuck (later dropping the “e”).

Distinguishing Multiple Factors

• 1913: American biochemist Elmer McCollum distinguished between “fat-soluble factor A” and “water-soluble factor B,” recognizing that there was more than one essential nutrient in the water-soluble category.

Isolation and Identification of Individual B Vitamins:

The subsequent decades saw the isolation and characterization of the individual B vitamins:

• Vitamin B1 (Thiamin): Isolated in crystalline form in 1926 by Dutch chemists Barend Jansen and Willem Donath. It was the first B vitamin to be identified and was found to be the anti-beriberi factor.
• Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin): First observed as a yellow-green fluorescent pigment in milk in 1872, it was characterized and named riboflavin in the early 1930s.
• Vitamin B3 (Niacin): Its deficiency was linked to pellagra in 1915 by Joseph Goldberger. The chemical structure was determined in 1937 by Conrad Elvehjem.
• Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid): Discovered in 1933 by Roger J. Williams while researching essential nutrients for yeast.
• Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine): Identified in 1934 by Paul Gyorgy.
• Vitamin B7 (Biotin): Research spanned the early 1900s, with contributions from Margaret Averil Boas (1927) and Paul Gyorgy (who named it Vitamin H in 1939), among others.
• Vitamin B9 (Folate/Folic Acid): Identified in 1933 by Lucy Wills for its role in preventing a type of anemia during pregnancy.
• Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin): Its deficiency was linked to pernicious anemia. It was isolated in 1947 by Karl Folkers and his team.

The “B Complex”

As each water-soluble vitamin with a distinct function was discovered, they were grouped together as the “vitamin B complex.” This term reflects their shared water solubility and their common occurrence in many of the same foods, as well as their often-interconnected roles in metabolic processes.

Nobel Prizes

The importance of B vitamin research is highlighted by the Nobel Prizes awarded to scientists involved in their discovery and understanding:

• 1929: Christiaan Eijkman and Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work on the discovery of vitamins. Eijkman's work focused on the link between diet and beriberi (leading to the identification of Vitamin B1), while Hopkins was recognized for his broader contributions to the understanding of essential nutrients.
• 1934: George Whipple, George Minot, and William Murphy received the Nobel Prize for their work on the treatment of pernicious anemia using liver extracts, which eventually led to the isolation of Vitamin B12.
• 1964: Dorothy Hodgkin was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for her work on determining the structures of important biochemical substances, including Vitamin B12.

Modern Understanding

Today, we have a detailed understanding of the chemical structures, functions, dietary sources, and deficiency symptoms of each of the B vitamins. They are known to play crucial roles as coenzymes in numerous metabolic pathways, affecting energy production, nerve function, red blood cell formation, DNA synthesis, and many other vital processes.

It's worth noting that several other substances were once considered part of the B complex and assigned B numbers (like B4, B8, B10, B11), but these were later found to be either synthesized by the body or not essential and were thus removed from the official list of B vitamins

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William Garst is a consultant pharmacist who lives in Alachua, Florida. He is semi-retired and works part time at Lake Butler Hospital in Lake Butler, Florida. William received his pharmacy degree at Auburn University and a Doctor of Pharmacy from Colorado University. The Pharmacy Newsletter is a blog where you can find other informative columns. He may be contacted at garstcph@gmail.com.

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Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin that plays many crucial roles in the body. Here are some of its key benefits:

Vision

• Essential for night vision: Vitamin A is a component of rhodopsin, a protein in the eyes that allows us to see in low-light conditions. Deficiency can lead to night blindness. Supports overall eye health: It helps maintain the cornea (the outer layer of the eye) and conjunctiva (the membrane covering the surface of the eye).
• May reduce the risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and cataracts: Some studies suggest that adequate vitamin A intake, often through carotenoids like beta-carotene, may lower the risk of these age-related eye conditions.
• Treats dry eyes and inflammation: Vitamin A can help moisten the eyes and reduce inflammation.

Immune Function

• Supports immune cell development: Vitamin A is crucial for the development and function of various immune cells, including neutrophils and macrophages, which fight off infections.
• Maintains the mucosal barrier: It helps maintain the health of the mucous membranes in the nose, sinuses, mouth, and gut, which act as a barrier against pathogens.
• May reduce the severity of certain infections: In deficient children, vitamin A supplementation can reduce the severity of measles and diarrhea.

Skin Health

• Promotes cell growth and turnover: Vitamin A is involved in the growth and repair of skin cells.
• May help treat acne: Topical retinoids (a form of vitamin A) are commonly used to treat acne by promoting skin cell turnover and reducing oil production
• .Reduces signs of aging: Topical retinoids can help reduce the appearance of fine lines, wrinkles, and hyperpigmentation by stimulating collagen production and promoting skin cell turnover.
• Supports wound healing: Vitamin A plays a role in collagen production and reduces inflammation, which are important for wound healing.
• May help treat other skin conditions: Prescription retinoids are used to treat conditions like psoriasis and warts.

Growth and Development

• Essential for cell growth and differentiation: Vitamin A is needed for the proper development and specialization of cells throughout the body.
• Important for fetal development: It plays a critical role in the growth and development of the fetus during pregnancy.
• Supports bone health: Vitamin A contributes to bone growth and maintenance.

5. Reproduction:

• Essential for both male and female reproductive health: It is involved in sperm and egg development.
• Important for placental health: Vitamin A is crucial for the health and function of the placenta during pregnancy.

Antioxidant Activity

• Carotenoids act as antioxidants: Beta-carotene and other carotenoids, which can be converted to vitamin A in the body, are potent antioxidants that can help protect cells from damage caused by free radicals.

Important Considerations:

• Deficiency: Vitamin A deficiency can lead to various health problems, including night blindness, increased risk of infections, and skin issues.
• Toxicity: Excessive intake of vitamin A can be harmful, leading to symptoms like nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, and even liver damage. Pregnant women should be particularly careful not to exceed the recommended upper limit due to the risk of birth defects.
• Food Sources: It's generally best to obtain vitamin A through a balanced diet rich in sources like liver, fish, dairy products, eggs, and orange and yellow fruits and vegetables (which contain beta-carotene).

It's always best to consult with a healthcare professional to determine the appropriate amount of vitamin A for your individual needs

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William Garst is a consultant pharmacist who lives in Alachua, Florida. He is semi-retired and works part time at Lake Butler Hospital in Lake Butler, Florida. William received his pharmacy degree at Auburn University and a Doctor of Pharmacy from Colorado University. The Pharmacy Newsletter is a blog where you can find other informative columns. He may be contacted at garstcph@gmail.com.

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